Journal Title Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik DOI prefix 10.59261 by Crossref Frequency 6 Issues per year (February, April, June, August, October, December) ISSN Online (2775-0833) | Print (2775-0329) Editor in Chief Chiska Nova Harsela Publisher Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional Indexing - EBSCO - Google Scholar - Dimensions - Sinta - Garuda Citation Analysis - Google Scholar - Dimensions Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik is a medium of communication for researchers, academics, and practitioners from around the world covering issues such as Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, computer Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Social and Political Sciences, Education, Economics, Management, Sociology, Religion, Law that belong to the social and engineering context. Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik publishes comprehensive research articles and reviews by leading experts in the field. Selected articles that have high scientific achievements, provide important new knowledge, and are of high benefit for the public, and to contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex legal and social challenges facing contemporary societies. Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik accepts submissions throughout the year. Submissions are reviewed upon receipt. Published Manuscripts are written in standard English. This journal welcomes submissions all year round. Submissions are reviewed upon receipt. The manuscript template can be downloaded Here. <div style="box-sizing: border-box; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: #4b566b; font-family: Montserrat, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; text-align: justify;">
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Inclusive Digital Transformation: A Techno Socialism Based IT Governance Model for Bandung City
Background: Indonesia is facing rapid digital urbanization that exacerbate the unequal access to technology among urban sub-districts, which ultimately preventing peripheral and low-income people from accessing Smart City concept implementation. Furthermore, the success of Smart Cities in the country is also called into question, as illustrated by Bandung City as one of Indonesia's pioneers; where sub-districts at the core are clearly superior to those on the periphery in terms of internet penetration and digital literacy. Objective: This study describes the design of an IT governance framework that embraces technosocialism as a new ideal for tackling digital inequality in Bandung City. Methods: This study employs the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology to identify technology access issues in sub-districts and creating practical solutions to enhance community participation in Smart City initiatives, particularly those that are not balanced by increasing local access, as in Gedebage and Cibiru sub-districts. Results: Technosocialism served to target digital infrastructure improvements (high-speed internet access, cyberinfrastructure), develop customized trainings for digital literacy, and enable cross-sector collaboration. Nonetheless, these interventions reduced the challenges to digital inequities and made technology accessible for many of us. The original contribution to IT governance literature is that effects are not only dependent but also directly addressed by a combination of social equity and technological efficiency. The results contribute theoretical implications and practical recommendations for city governments to craft more inclusive policies that can be applied across cities worldwide. Conclusion: This research proved, through the DSR methodology that made a technosocialism-based IT governance framework effectively narrow the digital divide in Bandung City. Through targeted interventions, we've been able to increase access to technology and community participation by 40% in the most disadvantaged sub-districts; potential for a replicable model of inclusive Smart City governance in Indonesia -- and beyond.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Rozahi Istambul, Parlindungan, Iwan Rijayana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Modeling of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Concentration and Analysis of Risk NO₂ Exposure Levels for Vulnerable Groups (Pedestrians, Traders, and Settlement Residents) at Simpang Lima Mandai, Makassar City
Background: The increase in urban population and the growing number of motor vehicles contribute significantly to air pollution. High emissions of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) from motor vehicles pose significant risks to health. Objective: This study explored the NO₂ dispersion profile from vehicle activity and its impact on the community in Simpang Lima Mandai, a heavy-traffic area and the location of the highest ambient NO₂ concentration in Makassar. Methods: A field survey and AERMOD Gaussian dispersion modeling were used in this quantitative study. Traffic volume, vehicle type, speed, and segment length were classified as primary data, while emission factors (EMEP/EEA 2019; MOVES) BMKG Makassar's meteorological data were classified as secondary data. A bottom-up emissions inventory was used to calculate NO₂ emission loads, and WHO (2021) and PP No. 22/2021 air quality standards were used to compare model results. Results: The model indicated that the average NO₂ concentrations over 1 h (348.8 µg/m³) and over 24 h (82.49 µg/m³) represented high exposure risk in the Simpang Lima Mandai area. The residents from the nearby settlements were found to be more vulnerable because of their long-term residence in the polluted area, with a weekly exposure of 4,452 µg/m³. Motor vehicles are a significant contributor to NO₂ pollution, according to the study. Conclusion:Motor vehicle NO₂ emissions at Simpang Lima Mandai are higher than WHO standards, and the highest exposure was recorded for neighboring residents at 4,452 µg/m³/week. We recommend evidence-based interventions such as enhanced traffic management, additional green buffers, and periodic NO₂ monitoring to protect these high-exposure communities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muh. Fikruddin Buraerah, Misda Fauici, Franita Leonard, Hasanuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hospital Legal Responsibility for Unlawful Acts in Health Services: A Normative Juridical Analysis of Vicarious Liability and Central Responsibility Under Indonesian Health Law
Background: Hospital-related patient safety incidents and medical negligence disputes have increased pressure on Indonesia's health governance system, revealing a significant legal gap. Article 193 of Law No. 17 of 2023 limits hospital liability to vicarious liability for health personnel, yet differing interpretations raise questions about whether hospitals also bear central responsibility for duty of care and facility management. Objective: It aims to analyze hospital legal liability for unlawful acts in health service provision, focusing on three aspects: the scope of hospital liability, the application of compensation, and the legal basis for unlawful acts. Methods: It employs a descriptive-analytical method with a normative-juridical approach, relying on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, complemented by interviews. Data were analyzed qualitatively without statistical methods. Results: The findings reveal that hospital liability extends beyond vicarious liability to include centralized institutional responsibility for duty of care and facilities. Compensation for unlawful acts is applied analogically from Articles 1243–1248 of the Civil Code, covering costs, losses, and interest, including both material and immaterial damages, provided there is no contributory negligence by the patient. Furthermore, liability for unlawful acts under Articles 1365–1367 of the Civil Code should be directed not at the hospital as an entity, but at the controlling legal body, such as a company (PT) or government institution. Conclusion: Indonesian hospital liability law requires harmonization. Article 193 should be interpreted broadly to include both forms of responsibility, and legal reforms are needed to clarify liability and improve mechanisms for patient compensation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zaini Abdillah, N. Ike Kusmiati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Website Quality Evaluation of LKP Bisma Informatika Using a Combination of Webqual 4.0, Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process and Importance-Performance Analysis
Background: The development of information technology has progressed significantly, consequently having an impact on the world of education in non-formal institutions such as Kursus dan Pelatihan (LKP). Websites are essential for providing information, registration, and engagement to prospective learners. However, preliminary research on the LKP Bisma Informatika website revealed that its content is still incomplete and not up to date. Objective: This research was conducted to evaluate the quality of LKP Bisma Informatika's website using an integrated approach combining WebQual 4.0, Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP), and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) methods, and to provide improvement recommendations. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive survey design, with respondents from LKP Bisma Informatika. Data were gathered through questionnaires based on three WebQual 4.0 constructs: usability, information quality, and service interaction quality. FAHP was used to determine priority weights, while IPA examined performance gaps based on user perceptions. Results: The results show that the website can be significantly improved, particularly in terms of information quality and usability. The most critical improvements needed are website speed, content accuracy, and user interface design. The integration of WebQual 4.0, FAHP, and IPA highlights a utility-based approach for providing effective recommendations to enhance the functionality of the website. Conclusion: These findings are expected to assist LKP Bisma Informatika in improving its website to better meet user needs and enhance user experience.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anop Sudiatmika, Gede Angga Pradipta, Roy Rudolf Huizen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Reconstructing Wasathiyyah Moderation: The Thought of Abdurrahman Al-Sudais and Its Application in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education
Background: Breeding grounds for radicalism and extreme liberalism on Indonesian university campuses continue to endanger religious education cohesion, while Islamic higher education institutions mired in the fragmentation of different-flavored ideologies without moderation policies worsen polarization among students. This circumstance emphasizes the absolute requirement for an integrated wasathiyyah framework in PAI curriculum. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the conception of Abdurrahman Al-Sudais about wasathiyyah as stated in Bulugh al-Amal fi Tahqiq al-Wasatthiyah wa al-Itidal and its implementation in PAI curriculum design in Indonesian Islamic higher education institutions. Method: This is a qualitative study using library research and a descriptive-interpretive (hermeneutical) approach. The data were collected through content analysis of the dominant text and participant observation via case studies on STID Mohammad Natsir Bekasi and STAI Al-Hidayah Bogor, and then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. Results: It turns out that Al-Sudais's wasathiyyah is based on tawassuth (42%), i'tidal (35%), and tasamuh (23%), as grounded in QS. Al-Baqarah: 143. All of these values are internalized in a number of courses that exist in PAI, namely through Islamic Religious Moderation Houses (Rumah Moderasi Beragama) and various community service programs (KKN), which actively reduce intolerance and foster inclusive religious attitudes. Conclusions: Al-Sudais's framework offers a researchable, empirically based model of PAI development that strengthens religious moderation, encourages inter-religious harmony, and prepares a balanced generation to face Indonesia's pluralistic community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mufid, Maemunah Sadiyah, Adian Husaini, Akhmad Alim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Farmers' Perception of Agricultural Extension Worker Performance: A SEM-PLS Study on Garlic Farmers in West Miomaffo District, North Central Timor Regency, Indonesia
government agricultural programs and smallholder farmers in eastern Indonesia. Despite the importance of this perception-performance nexus, no prior study has examined how internal and external factors of extension workers simultaneously influence farmer perceptions and behavioral change in the TTU garlic farming context. Objective: This study aims to develop a model of garlic farming extension programs and examine the internal and external characteristics of garlic farmers in West Miomaffo District. Methods: Data analysis techniques in this study used quantitative descriptive analysis, Spearman Correlation Test, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). This study employs a mixed-methods quantitative-descriptive design. A sample of 91 garlic farmers was drawn from 913 members across 48 farmer groups in West Miomaffo District using simple random sampling (10% of the population). Results: Farmer perceptions greatly influence the effectiveness of extension services and performance. Internal factors of agricultural extension workers (X1) have a positive and significant effect on the performance of agricultural extension workers (Y1). Internal factors of agricultural extension workers (X1) have a positive and significant effect on agricultural extension services (Y2). External factors (X2) have a positive and significant effect on agricultural extension worker performance (Y1). External factors (X2) have a positive and significant effect on agricultural extension services (Y2). Conclusion: The SEM-PLS model confirms that improving extension worker capacity and strengthening external support systems (infrastructure, incentives) are the key levers for improving farmer perceptions and agricultural outcomes in the TTU garlic farming sector.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marsianus Falo, Ody Wolfrit Matoneng, Oktovianus Tabenu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Community-Based Routine Road Maintenance as a Strategy to Mitigate Social Inequality in Provincial Road Networks
Background: Road infrastructure development plays a crucial role in fostering economic growth and improving interregional connectivity. However, uneven distribution of benefits can generate or intensify existing social disparities. Objective: This study aims to analyze the role of community-based routine provincial road maintenance in mitigating social inequality by evaluating maintenance implementation and assessing community participation patterns. Methods: This study employs a mixed-methods quantitative-evaluative design across 20 provincial road sections in nine districts of West Java Province. Data were collected from 89 respondents for the routine maintenance variable and 140 respondents for the community participation variable. Results: The evaluation results indicate that all routine maintenance variables fall within moderate to excellent categories, except for the labor factor, which scored poorly (1.65) due to limited availability of certified skilled workers. For community participation, all variables scored moderate to excellent, except the willingness to contribute financially (1.83), largely influenced by low household income. SEM analysis identifies significant variables including shoulder damage level, labor factor, community attendance in meetings, and participatory contributions. Conclusion: The study concludes that social disparities can be mitigated by increasing community income through operational cooperation between government and villages, enabling communities to participate in routine maintenance—particularly in simple tasks requiring trained local labor.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yudi Sekaryadi, Wimpy Santosa, Caroline Sutandi, Anan Anisarida, Ida Farida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Occupational Safety and Health Risk Evaluation in Container Handling Operations Using the HIRADC Method: A Case Study at PT. Kaltim Kariangau Terminal, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Background: Occupational safety and health is a critically important aspect of container loading and discharging operations at ports, encompassing efforts to create a safe, healthy work environment and prevent workplace accidents and work-related diseases. Objective: This study aims to analyze the application of occupational safety and health in the process of loading and discharging containers at PT. Kaltim Kariangau Terminal. Methods: This study uses the HIRADC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control) method. Results: The results of the risk level assessment before control indicate a High Risk level of 9 risks (23.1%), a Moderate Risk level of 17 risks (43.6%), and a Low Risk level of 13 risks (33.3%). After control, the High Risk level is reduced to 0 risks (0%), with no remaining high-risk work activities; the Moderate Risk level is 8 risks (20.6%); and the Low Risk level is 31 risks (79.4%). To address these hazards and risks, PT. Kaltim Kariangau Terminal has implemented risk controls, namely substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that systematic hazard identification and hierarchical risk control, when applied rigorously to RTG crane operations in container terminals, can deliver measurable reductions in worker exposure to life-threatening risks and provide a replicable OSH management model for the Indonesian port sector.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arif Fuddin Usman, Andi Ningrat, Muslihati, Andi Rachmianty, Rusnaedi Rusnaedi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
User Satisfaction and Net Benefits in Digital Insurance Placement Systems: An Extended DeLone and McLean IS Success Model in Indonesian Brokerage Firms
Background: Insurance brokerage operations in Indonesia continue to rely on manual, siloed processes that reduce operational efficiency and service quality. Despite increasing digital transformation adoption, empirical evidence on digital system success in insurance brokerage remains limited. Objective: This study investigates the factors influencing user satisfaction and net benefits from a digital insurance placement system in Indonesian brokerage firms, extending the DeLone and McLean IS Success Model with Digital Capability and Cybersecurity. Methods: A survey method was used with a total of 100 unique surveys completed by different authorized users from partner insurance companies, which included underwriters and marketing officers working directly with the digital insurance placement platform. Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was applied to analyze the data. Results: The results of this study show that System Quality, Service Quality, and Digital Capability are the significant variables that affect User Satisfaction, while Information Quality and Cybersecurity have no significant effect. Additionally, since User Satisfaction has a significant positive effect on Net Benefits, it leads to improved operational efficiency, reduced placement cycles, and increased accuracy in decision-making. Conclusion: This research expands the literature by extending the IS success framework with digital capability and cybersecurity and offers practical insights for managerial practice to leverage digital system deployment, build technological readiness, and improve competitive advantage in a digitalized insurance ecosystem.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shan Thi, Viany Utami Tjhin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Load Factor Analysis of KMP Bambit Pioneer Ship to Enhance Maritime Accessibility in Eastern Indonesia's 3T Regions
Background: As the world's largest archipelagic nation, Indonesia faces the major challenge of providing an equal distribution of public services to 3 not so close and remote frontier region, border (3T) regions. An example: While the government's Sea Toll Program uses pioneer vessels such as KMP Bambit to breach these chasms, efficiency of operation is still a major barrier to progress. This often results in underused capacity Objective: This study aims to analyze the load factor of KMP Bambit on the Merauke-Atsy-Agats-Senggo route and identify strategic recommendations to improve ship capacity utilization and service quality And see if there is a reasonable load factor on KMP Bambit operating from the Merauke-Atsy-Agats-Senggo route. Depending on this finding, strategic advice is put forward with regard to vessel capacity utilisation and service quality. Method: This investigation used quantitative research. Throughout the research period from January 2022 to June 2025, data were collected on operational ship activities and survey results were sought from 65 stakeholders according to the Slovin Formula. The data were analyzed using Load Factor Analysis (LF A) and a SWOT analysis was performed to map internal and external strategic factors. Results: Our findings show that the average load factor for passengers is 42.427% and the cargo/vehicle load factor is 45.141%, both significantly below the Ministry of Transportation's 70% efficiency target. Problems include inconsistent sailing frequencies, limited port infrastructure, and changing seasonal demand levels. Conclusion: Being in Quadrant I of SWOT Matrix, KMP Bambit needs to take a growth-oriented strategy. Major recommendations are to modernize ship facilities, implement an online reservation system, and adjust sailing schedules in line with community needs in order to bring sustainable economic growth south to the remote regions of South Papua it serves.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rusnaedi, Andi Ningrat, Muslihati, Andi Rachmianty, Rifkah Fitriah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of Stacking Ensemble and Explainable AI for Taxpayer Compliance Risk Profiling
Background: Non-compliance of corporate taxpayers is one of the biggest challenges for the Tax Authorities especially because no tangible data is available on corporate tax avoidance making tax evasion micro data sets have the characteristics of extreme class imbalance that are well known from the real-world tax data. Objective: To develop an accurate and transparent tax non-compliance prediction using an Ensemble Learning based prediction model incorporating Hybrid Resampling methods, and Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Methods: The dataset, which consists of 49159 observations, is extracted from the administrative record of Directorate General of Taxes where the ratio of imbalance about 18.81:1. In the former strategy, three hybrid resampling techniques (SMOTE-Tomek, SMOTEENN, Borderline-SMOTE Tomek) were integrated with tree-based classifiers (Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM) to act as the base-learners. These were all combined using two ensemble architectures, Stacking Classifier and Voting Classifier to utilize their respective predictive capabilities. We used the SHAP and LIME methods to break the black-box nature of the algorithm to interpret the predictive decisions. Results: Experimental results revealed that the best classification was achieved with the Stacking Classifier, yielding an Accuracy of 97.03% along with the minority class F1-Score of 0.7309 In turn, the strongest discrimination in probability was found for the Voting Classifier with an ROC-AUC metric 0.9859 Consequently, the XAI analysis confirmed that pure financial ratio being utterly secondary are dominated in the prediction of the non-compliance risk and shows that absolute financial scale indicators (e.g. Tax Payment Amount, Total Assets) and administrative profile characteristics (e.g. MSME Taxpayer Status, Non-Effective Status) are overwhelmingly DC dominated. Conclusion: The choice of Ensemble Learning provides an analytically sound and interpretable early warning system of tax audits beneficial for real risk-based audits with its composure of hybrid resampling and interpretability (XAI).
Copyright (c) 2026 Heru Pratama Agung, Suharjito https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Lung Nodule Segmentation Accuracy in CT Images Using YOLO, 3D-CNN, and Ensemble ViT-UNETR U-Net
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with over 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths reported annually (WHO, 2022). Pulmonary nodule detection through low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening is the most effective method for early lung cancer identification. However, automated systems still face significant challenges: high false positive rates, limited sensitivity for micronodules (<5 mm), and poor segmentation accuracy for nodules with irregular morphology or juxtapleural attachment. Objective: Lung nodules early discovery is key to treating lung carcinoma, but even conventional systems' micronodules still have high false positives and low accuracy. Method: This study presents an end-to-end hybrid pipeline that uses the LUNA16 database to tackle this issue. The initial stage is to make use of YOLOv12 for Region of Interest (ROI) extraction, with 3D-CNN carrying out false positive filtering through volumetric verification as a gate. The final phase conducts pixel-level precision segmentation using Adaptive Bayesian Fusion on U-Net Residual 3D ensemble (local texture features) and ViT-UNETR (global anatomical context). Results: Experiments showed superior performance level 99.99% Accuracy, Mean Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) at 93.88% and IoU is 90.45%. The system was very robust, reaching 97.33% DSC in the micro nodule category (<5 mm). Conclusion: In summary, this integrated architecture delivers an objective, efficient and high-quality solution for automated Diagnosis.
Copyright (c) 2026 Reyga Ferdiansyah Putra, Antoni Wibowo, Dewi Retno Sari Saputro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Automatic Identification System (AIS) Based Monitoring System and Its Role in Improving Maritime Transportation Safety in Indonesia
Background: Maritime transportation safety in Indonesia still faces various challenges, marked by a high number of ship accidents and a less-than-optimal vessel traffic monitoring system. The Automatic Identification System (AIS), as a modern navigation technology, has been mandated by the government to improve shipping safety. Objective: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the AIS-based monitoring system in improving maritime transportation safety in Indonesia and to identify obstacles in its implementation. Methods: The research used a mixed-methods approach through observations at VTS Makassar, interviews with ship operators and regulators, and distribution of questionnaires to shipping actors. Results: The results showed that AIS plays an important role in increasing navigational awareness, supporting real-time ship traffic monitoring, and aiding search and rescue processes. However, its effectiveness is not yet optimal due to devices being inactive or unfit for use, limited human resource competence, signal interference, and weak regulatory supervision. Conclusion: In conclusion, the AIS system is functionally effective in improving maritime transportation safety but requires regulatory strengthening, improved technical training, and infrastructure updates to ensure its implementation is optimal and sustainable.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tri Iriani Eka Wahyuni, Sidrotul Muntaha, Amiruddin Amiruddin, Irwan Jaya, Andi Hasmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Effect of AI Personalization on User Trust and Perceived Price Value and Its Implications for Subscription Intention to Music Streaming Services
Background: This study examines the influence of artificial intelligence (AI)-based personalization systems and user trust on the intention to subscribe to music streaming platforms in Indonesia. Objective: The research objectives include analyzing the impact of personalization on Price Value, Performance Expectancy, and Trust in AI; as well as the mediating effect of trust and expectation on Intention to Subscribe. Methods: The research method is quantitative using a questionnaire survey distributed purposively to active users of Spotify and YouTube Music in Indonesia. The sample was determined using the Slovin formula, resulting in 420 valid respondents consisting of both free tier and premium tier users. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS software. Results: The results show that AI Personalization has a significant effect on Trust in AI and Price Value. Trust in AI is proven to be an important mediator that increases Performance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy. It was found that Price Value is the most dominant determinant influencing subscription intention, followed by Performance Expectancy and Habit. Conclusion: This study concludes that algorithm transparency and user control are key to building trust, which ultimately drives the perceived value worth subscribing to.
Copyright (c) 2026 Frando Adolian Pella, Tuga Mauritsius https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluating Cybersecurity Investment Strategies in a Medium-Sized Enterprise: A Case Study of a Growing POS Service Provider in Indonesia
Background: As mid-sized businesses use third-party integrations on services like SaaS-based POS systems, cybersecurity expands potential avenues of attack. Many of these organizations engage in reactive cybersecurity, or waiting until something happens instead of preventing it. In the face of increasingly complex organizational architecture, it is imperative to reevaluate whether these reactive approaches are still adequate in guaranteeing operational continuity and data safety. Objective: This research is performed to investigate whether a reactive approach of cybersecurity may still suffice for a medium sized company that expands its operation in Indonesia, which runs over the SaaS POS platform. Method: The study uses a qualitative single-case study design. The data were collected through semi-structure interviews with business and engineering stakeholders, triangulated by supporting organizational documents. Data were analyzed through rubric-based qualitative coding and mapped against a literature-derived reactive–proactive cybersecurity posture rubric in regard to incident response, budget allocation, and layered security infrastructure. Results: The results suggest daily operational readiness is limited by symptom-driven detection systems, periodic and manual monitoring practices, and response schedules dependent on unstructured coordination with follow-ups. There are baseline preventive controls, but many program-level capabilities are nascent—everything from centralized telemetry and alerting, to consistent incident workflow with remediation tracking, balanced against a systematic and periodic cadence of assurance. Conclusion: ..
Copyright (c) 2026 Ryan Adhi Nugraha, Muhammad Hafizhuddin Hilman, Setiadi Yazid, Eko Yon Handri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Compliance Assessment in the Renewal of the Building Worthiness Certificate
Background: The Building Worthiness Certificate (Sertifikat Laik Fungsi/SLF) is a mandatory instrument under Indonesian building law that ensures buildings meet functional and safety standards. For non-residential buildings, SLF validity is limited to five years, necessitating periodic renewal assessments. Despite its importance, empirical studies on the SLF renewal process remain scarce, particularly for industrial facilities. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the compliance level of the PT X Industri building in Bandung against applicable technical and regulatory standards during the SLF renewal process, and to identify technical and administrative gaps that may hinder successful certification renewal. Methods: A descriptive qualitative approach with a single-case study design was employed. Primary data were collected through systematic building inspections covering structural systems, fire protection systems, accessibility, and evacuation systems, supported by semi-structured interviews with building managers and SLF consultants. Secondary data included technical drawings, regulatory documents, and maintenance records. Results: The structural system demonstrated adequate capacity, with a maximum P–M–M (axial force–bending moment–bending moment) interaction ratio of 0.802 (< 1.0), in compliance with SNI 1726:2019. However, deficiencies were identified in fire protection, barrier-free accessibility, evacuation signage, and the completeness of technical documentation, all of which were non-compliant with the respective regulatory standards. Conclusion: The SLF renewal process serves not merely as an administrative formality but as a comprehensive building performance evaluation mechanism. Systematic maintenance programs, enhanced safety facilities, and the digitalization of technical records are recommended to support continuous building quality assurance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syapril Janizar, An An Anisarida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Validation of the Harmonized Mobile Forensic Investigation Process Model (HMFIPM) on Android Devices
Background: The increasing use of smartphones has been accompanied by the growing misuse of mobile devices in cybercrime, making mobile forensics essential for identifying, acquiring, recovering, and analyzing digital evidence. However, standardized mobile forensic investigation models for field implementation remain limited. The Harmonized Mobile Forensic Investigation Process Model (HMFIPM) has been proposed as a structured investigation model, but its empirical implementation in an accredited forensic laboratory environment remains underexplored. Objective: This study aims to empirically validate the implementation of HMFIPM as a structured process model for Android mobile forensic investigations within an ISO/IEC 17025-accredited Digital Forensics Laboratory. Methods: This study applied a descriptive and implementation-based approach. Descriptive analysis was conducted through examiner interviews, while implementation analysis was performed by applying the HMFIPM stages to a Samsung SM-A075F device using Full File System extraction with Cellebrite UFED and Android Live extraction with MD. Results: All HMFIPM stages were successfully implemented and mapped to the mobile forensic workflow in the laboratory environment. The model supported a structured, documented, and evaluable investigation process. Differences in artifact recovery were primarily caused by tool-to-method compatibility and application data architecture rather than by limitations of the HMFIPM model. Cellebrite UFED using Full File System acquisition produced more complete artifacts, while MD using Android Live extraction obtained partial application artifacts. Conclusion: HMFIPM is feasible as a standardized framework for Android mobile forensic investigation. However, the feedback mechanism requires refinement. This study proposes an additional data acquisition feedback path alongside the existing analysis feedback path, allowing examiners to revisit the acquisition stage when new investigative needs arise.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mutia Aziza, Muhammad Salman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Risk Assessment of Safety Management System Implementation on the Training Ship Barombong Using the House of Risk Method
Background: The shipping industry has a high level of operational risk, making the implementation of a safety management system a crucial aspect to ensure the safety of the crew, passengers, and ship operations. The Barombong Shipping Polytechnic Training Ship, as a means of education and pioneer transportation, also faces various potential risks that can affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the Safety Management System (SMS). Objective: This study aims to analyze the influence of risk assessment using the House of Risk method on the implementation of the SMS on the Barombong Training Ship and to identify the dominant risk factors affecting operational safety. Method: This research used a descriptive analytical approach with the House of Risk method through the stages of identifying risk events and risk agents, assessing risk probability and impact, and calculating the Risk Priority Number (RPN) to determine mitigation priorities. Data were obtained through field observations, interviews with ship crew, documentation studies, and analysis of Safety Management System reports. Result: The research results indicate that several main risks in SMS implementation include non-conformity with safety procedures, lack of training and emergency drills, and suboptimal safety documentation. Risks with the highest RPN values become the top priority in the mitigation strategy. Conclusion: The application of the House of Risk method is proven to help identify, prioritize, and design risk control strategies more systematically, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of Safety Management System implementation and supporting a safety culture on the Barombong Training Ship.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rina Haryani, Sidrotul Muntaha, Yudi Satria, Rachmat Tjahjanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Information Security Maturity Assessment Using the KAMI Index 5.0 Based on ISO/IEC 27001:2022: A Case Study of a Government Agency Under the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia
Background: XYZ Agency has adopted information technology but faces phishing attacks, spam, unclear information security roles, and a lack of prior security evaluation. Therefore, its readiness and maturity must be assessed using the KAMI Index 5.0 and ISO/IEC 27001:2022. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the level of information security readiness and maturity at Institution XYZ, a government agency under the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, using the KAMI Index Version 5.0 aligned with ISO/IEC 27001:2022, and to formulate structured improvement recommendations. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive case study approach through interviews, observation, and document review. Data were assessed using KAMI 5.0, validated through triangulation and member-checking, with coder reliability confirmed by Cohen’s Kappa. Results: The assessment results obtained for the Electronic Systems Category were 29 points, indicating a high level of dependency, with a total score of 347 points across the six evaluation areas. The maturity level falls within the range of I–II, corresponding to a status of basic framework compliance. Subsequently, 97 recommendations for improvement were provided, referring to ISO/IEC 27001:2022. Conclusion: The formulation of these recommendations is expected to assist XYZ Agency in enhancing information security management and mitigating identified risks.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Ihsan Alfani Putera, Nana Aulia Tabita, Dwi Nur Amalia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enterprise Architecture Design for Class Approval and Scheduling Governance (Permission Planning) at Universitas Terbuka
Background: Large open and distance universities must plan classes under high enrolment volatility, limited teaching capacity, and strict accountability. At Universitas Terbuka (UT), class permission planning is still carried out through fragmented tools such as spreadsheets and email-based coordination. The process becomes slow during peak periods, decisions are hard to trace, and policy rules are applied inconsistently across units. Objective: This study aims to design an academic management solution that makes class permission decisions faster and more explainable while remaining scalable for a mega-university context. Methods: A design science approach was used. The TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM) was adapted to produce as-is and to-be business workflows, a unified information model, and modular application and technology architectures. Requirements were collected through observation, document review, and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from academic administration, academic units, and IT services. Results: A functional prototype (SIMPATIK) was then developed and validated through usability walkthroughs with 40 participants. Mean ratings across five indicators ranged from 4.25 to 4.55 (five-point scale), indicating strong perceived clarity, ease of use, and transparency decision. The findings suggest that an enterprise-architecture-based design can reduce manual bottlenecks and strengthen accountability for class permission planning in open and distance education. The proposed design embeds policy checks at the point of request, routes only exceptional cases to administrators, and records machine-readable explanations and audit trails for every decision. A microservice-based deployment model is specified, supported by an RDBMS cluster, cache/message queue, and observability stack to handle enrolment spikes. Conclusion: These artifacts provide a reusable blueprint for institutions facing similar scale and governance constraints.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Rif’an, Iwan Susanto, Iswaya Maalik, Zakirman, Erika Pradana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sentiment Analysis Comparison of Two E-Commerce Platforms Using Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, and IndoBERT
Background: The rapid growth of e-commerce in Indonesia has generated massive volumes of user-generated reviews. A critical mismatch exists between numerical star ratings and the actual sentiment expressed in review texts, creating unreliable signals for platform management and highlighting the need for text-based sentiment analysis. Objective: This study aims to analyze user review sentiments towards two leading e-commerce platforms in Indonesia using Machine Learning and Deep Learning approaches. Methods: The analysis process was conducted through the CRISP-DM stages, including data cleaning, labeling, model training, and performance evaluation. Two types of labeling were used, namely Rating-Based and VADER-Based, to compare the accuracy levels of sentiment classification. Four models were applied: Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression, and IndoBERT. VADER labeling was adapted for Indonesian through preprocessing with an Indonesian-English translation layer. Results: Based on the evaluation results, the IndoBERT model showed the best performance on e-commerce X, with an accuracy of 0.96 using VADER-based labeling. Meanwhile, for e-commerce Y, Random Forest achieved an accuracy of 0.81 using VADER labeling. These results indicate that IndoBERT's Transformer architecture with contextual embeddings enabled superior understanding of Indonesian semantic nuances. Random Forest's advantage on e-commerce Y (627 samples per label) reflects a lower overfitting risk compared to deep learning models on small datasets. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of combining IndoBERT and VADER in Indonesian sentiment analysis and can serve as a reference for the e-commerce industry to improve service quality and customer satisfaction strategies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Theresia Vania Davita Suyana, Sfenrianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Intention to Use Insurance Claim Information Systems: A Case Study of an Insurance Company Using a Modified TAM Approach
Background: This research is motivated by the low adoption rate of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based information systems in the insurance claim process, particularly Business Rules Management Systems (BRMS), even though these systems are designed to improve efficiency and consistency in decision-making. The main problems lie in the lack of user trust, limited training, and the role of leadership in supporting digital transformation. Objective: Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors influencing the intention to use insurance claim information systems using a modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach, expanded with the variables of Trust, Transformational Leadership, and Training. Methods: This research employs a quantitative approach with a survey method targeting Claim Adjusters at the insurance company under study. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using a structural model to test the relationships between variables, including Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Trust, Transformational Leadership, Training, Intention to Use, and Actual System Usage. Results: The results show that Transformational Leadership positively affects Trust, Trust significantly affects Intention to Use, and Training affects Perceived Ease of Use. Furthermore, Perceived Ease of Use influences Perceived Usefulness, which ultimately impacts Intention to Use and the actual usage of the system. These findings confirm that human and organizational factors play a crucial role in the successful implementation of technology, in addition to the technical factors of the system itself. Conclusion: In conclusion, the successful adoption of AI-based information systems in the insurance industry is determined not only by technological sophistication but also by the level of user trust, the effectiveness of training, and the support of transformational leadership.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dicky Sopandi, Rudy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Prioritizing Marketplace Features in Indonesian E-Commerce Platforms Using the Kano Model: Evidence from Shopee, Tokopedia, and Lazada
Background: Indonesia’s e-commerce sector is rapidly growing, with transactions reaching USD 82 billion in 2023 and expected to exceed USD 160 billion by 2030. Despite this expansion, retaining customers remains challenging, as platforms often invest in new features without systematically analyzing customer needs. Objective: To identify and prioritize customer-desired features on Shopee, Tokopedia, and Lazada using the Kano Model combined with the Satisfaction Index and Self-Stated Importance, thereby providing actionable recommendations for platform development. Methods: This research utilizes the Kano Model to analyze customer needs on the Shopee, Tokopedia, and Lazada market places, which were identified as the three most popular marketplaces based on the results of customer loyalty calculations using the Net Promoter Score (NPS). Results: The findings confirmed that Shopee, Tokopedia, and Lazada are the top three marketplaces in Indonesia. This research, using the Kano Model, aims to determine feature categorizations and prioritize features for development based on the results of the Satisfaction Index and Self-Stated Importance calculations. According to the Kano Model, 14 features of Shopee are categorized as Attractive. Meanwhile, 11 features of Tokopedia are categorized as Attractive, One-dimensional, and Indifferent. In addition, 13 features of Lazada are categorized as Must-be, One-dimensional, Attractive, and Indifferent. Conclusion: The Kano Model effectively distinguishes feature priorities across marketplaces. Developers should focus on Attractive features for differentiation while maintaining Must-be features. Recommended strategies include Shopee social commerce; Tokopedia service integration; and Lazada payment ecosystem reliability. This approach offers a replicable framework for managing digital platform features.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fahrobby Adnan, Januar Adi Putra, Shyfanaya Aulia, Dwi Jannah Oktavia, Muhammad Ahsan Hilmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Compression Casting Technique on Epoxy Polymer Concrete Using Recycled Coarse Aggregate
Background: The utilization of recycled coarse aggregate in polymer concrete is a prospective approach to support sustainable construction, but the presence of old mortar on RCA tends to increase material porosity and heterogeneity. At the same time, epoxy-based polymer concrete is highly sensitive to internal voids because micro-defects can reduce stress transfer efficiency and accelerate damage. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of the compression casting technique on the physical and mechanical properties of 100% RCA-based epoxy polymer concrete, focusing on compressive strength, water absorption, and specific gravity. Methods: The base mixture used a semi-dry consistency with a binder matrix of Bisphenol-A epoxy resin (Bakelite® EPR 174) and cycloaliphatic amine hardener (Bakelite® EPH 555), along with Type C fly ash as a mineral filler. 50 × 50 × 50 mm cube specimens were made at four initial pressure levels, namely 0.00, 3.60, 4.80, and 6.00 MPa, each with three replications. Compressive strength testing was conducted referring to ASTM C579 Method B, water absorption based on ASTM C413 Method B, and specific gravity using the hydrostatic method based on ASTM D792. Results: The results showed that compression casting significantly enhanced material densification. The mean compressive strength increased from 33.754 MPa in specimens without compaction to 57.426 MPa at 3.60 MPa and reached an optimum value of 60.190 MPa at 4.80 MPa, before decreasing to 54.009 MPa at 6.00 MPa; outlier screening using the Grubbs method indicated no data were eliminated. Simultaneously, the mean water absorption decreased from 1.563% to 0.387%, 0.233%, and 0.216%, while the mean specific gravity increased from 2.162 g/cm³ to 2.248, 2.272, and 2.309 g/cm³ for the 3.60, 4.80, and 6.00 MPa levels, respectively. These findings confirm that compression casting effectively improves the internal structure of RCA-based epoxy polymer concrete by reducing connected voids and increasing packing density. However, excessive pressure tended to decrease the mean compressive strength due to potential local non-uniformity and densification heterogeneity. Conclusion: Thus, a pressure of 4.80 MPa can be identified as the optimum compaction level to maximize compressive strength, whereas 6.00 MPa is more effective in improving physical properties such as specific gravity and absorption reduction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Khusnul Aldi Saputra, Eva Arifi, Desy Setyowulan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analyzing Students’ Errors in Integral Calculus Through GeoGebra-Assisted Project-Based Learning
Background: Students in higher education consistently demonstrate significant difficulties in integral calculus, particularly in selecting appropriate problem-solving strategies and executing procedural steps. Despite extensive research on mathematical errors, studies integrating Newman Error Analysis (NEA) with technology-enhanced, project-based pedagogy at the university level remain scarce. Objective: This research aims to examine the types of errors students make in solving integral problems in calculus by implementing Project-Based Learning (PBL) using GeoGebra software. Methods: The research adopted a descriptive qualitative method with 15 ACT students from the Informatics Department of Universitas Pelita Harapan Medan. Data were collected from written integral test items, observation sheets, and brief interviews with selected students. Errors made by students were classified according to the Newman Error Analysis (NEA) framework, which consists of reading, comprehension, transformation, process skill, and encoding errors. Results: The findings suggest that the combination of PBL with GeoGebra enables students to visualize integral concepts dynamically and enhances their geometric understanding of both definite and indefinite integrals. The most frequent error was transformation (60%), followed by process skill (53.3%), comprehension (46.7%), reading (20%), and encoding errors (13.3%). These results indicate that many students continue to struggle with deciding how to integrate an expression and completing the correct computations. The method helped alleviate conceptual difficulties owing to the visualization features of GeoGebra. Conclusion: GeoGebra-assisted PBL effectively supports error diagnosis and conceptual remediation in integral calculus. Integrating dynamic visualization with project-based inquiry reduces transformation and process skill errors by helping students connect symbolic procedures to geometric interpretations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diana Astria Gultom, Sahat Saragih, Edi Syahputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bioregional Border Governance: State, Indigenous Peoples, and Ecological Connectivity in the Indonesia–Papua New Guinea Borderland
Background: … Objective: This research aims to analyze the dynamics of border governance between Indonesia and Papua New Guinea from a multidimensional perspective, examine the role and involvement of indigenous peoples, and evaluate the importance of a bioregional approach in maintaining flora and fauna connectivity in the Pacific region. Furthermore, this research aims to formulate an integrated border governance model capable of combining the interests of state sovereignty, local community welfare, and the sustainability of transboundary ecosystems. Methods: This research uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with a descriptive-analytical design. The data used is entirely secondary data obtained through library research and internet-based research from indexed scientific journals, policy documents, and relevant institutional reports. To ensure data validity, this research applies triangulation techniques by comparing various data sources from policy, academic, and empirical perspectives. Results: The results show that border governance between Indonesia and Papua New Guinea is still dominated by a security-based approach and has not fully integrated social and ecological dimensions. Indigenous peoples have a strategic role in maintaining social stability and environmental sustainability through local knowledge and traditional practices, yet their involvement in formal policy remains limited. Additionally, the bioregional connectivity of flora and fauna in the Melanesian region faces serious threats due to habitat fragmentation, natural resource exploitation, and climate change, which cannot be effectively addressed through administrative boundary-based approaches alone. As a key output, this research produces a conceptual model of integrated border governance based on collaboration between the state and indigenous peoples using a bioregional approach. This model emphasizes the integration of multilevel governance between central government, local government, and indigenous peoples, and prioritizes area management based on transboundary ecosystem units. This model is expected to serve as a reference for formulating more inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable border policies. Conclusion: This research also identifies a research gap in the literature, namely the limited number of studies that comprehensively integrate border governance, the role of indigenous peoples, and bioregional approaches within a single analytical framework. Therefore, future research is advised to develop primary data-based studies through field approaches, empirically test the proposed model, and expand the study to other border areas in the Pacific region to strengthen the generalizability of the findings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Melyana Ratana Pugu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Defence Line Weaving for Safety Guidance Strips and Land Aircraft Safety and Communication
Background: Wing-in-Ground-effect (WIG) craft generate lift by operating at the air–water interface, enabling a unique mode of very high-speed maritime transport that is particularly suited to the highly complex nature of coastal and archipelagic regions. However, their distinctive operating characteristics high speed and low altitude present significant safety issues that require advanced navigation and communication systems. Objective: This paper investigates navigation and communication systems associated with the safety of WIG craft under relevant international maritime rules (International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea SOLAS; IMO Guidelines for Wing-in-Ground Craft (MSC.1/Circ.1592). Methods: A qualitative regulatory analysis and R&D methodology is used to analyze the alignment of international standards with WIG operational requirements, as well as to examine barriers to the implementation of domestic maritime systems. Results: In the marine context, this study identifies major navigational technologies such as GNSS, radar, AIS, and integrated bridge systems for navigational awareness and collision avoidance. The integration of GMDSS communications and satellite-based technologies is indispensable for enabling coherent coordination and emergency response operations. SOLAS provisions do not fully satisfy all WIG operational requirements, while the application of IMO guidelines may result in disparate standards across jurisdictions. Conclusion: A harmonized and risk-based navigation and communication safety framework is proposed, integrating SOLAS provisions and IMO WIG Guidelines to address identified regulatory gaps. The framework aims to promote regulatory consistency and support the safe integration of WIG craft into national and international maritime transport systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dodik Widarbowo, Fajar Gumelar, Maltus Jackline Kapistrano, Wahyu Wibisono, Antoni Arif Priadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Use of Digital Technology in The Optimization of Modern Industrial Supply Chain Management: A Systematic Literature Review
Background: Digital development has transformed supply chain management (SCM) through key technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data analytics, digital twins, and cloud computing, each providing unique contributions to operational efficiency and resilience. Despite the rapid growth of literature on digital SCM, significant gaps remain, as most studies examine technologies individually rather than exploring their combined effects on supply chain performance. Objective: This study aims to present the latest scientific literature on the use of digital technologies to improve, identify, classify, and integrate supply chain management (SCM) through a methodological literature review (SLR) approach. Methods: This study was conducted from 2021 to 2025 using databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Of the first 309 selections, the last 10 articles met the selection criteria after progressive selection. Results: The results show that the most prominent technologies are complementary elements in the digital ecosystem, where the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and big data analytics are integrated. Conclusions: Digital technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and blockchain operate synergistically to improve supply chain efficiency, transparency, and resilience. Future research is recommended to assess cross-sectoral multi-technology synergies and systematically integrate social and environmental sustainability into digital supply chain frameworks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Nurfitrianto, Rida Zuraida, Febri Nur Wahyudi, Jayadi Rahman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0